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= Axisymmetric buoyant far-field plume = | |||
Underlying Flow Regime 1-06 | Underlying Flow Regime 1-06 | ||
= References = | = References = | ||
# Chen, C. J. and Rodi, W., ''Vertical buoyant jets: a review of experimental data'', Pergamon, New York,1980 | # Chen, C. J. and Rodi, W., ''Vertical buoyant jets: a review of experimental data'', Pergamon, New York,1980 | ||
# Van Maele, K. and Merci, B., Application of two buoyancy modified k-epsilon turbulence models to different types of buoyant plumes, ''Fire Safety Journal'', 41, p.122-138, 2006 | # Van Maele, K. and Merci, B., Application of two buoyancy modified k-epsilon turbulence models to different types of buoyant plumes, ''Fire Safety Journal'', 41, p.122-138, 2006 | ||
# George, W. K. Jr., Alpert, R. L. and Tamanini, F., Turbulence measurements in an axisymmetric buoyant plume, ''Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer'', 20, p.1145-1154, 1977 | # George, W. K. Jr., Alpert, R. L. and Tamanini, F., Turbulence measurements in an axisymmetric buoyant plume, ''Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer'', 20, p.1145-1154, 1977 | ||
# Gebhart, B., Jaluria, Y., Mahajan, R. L. and Sammakia, B., ''Buoyancy-induced flows and transport'', Hemisphere Pub. Corp., New York,1988 | # Gebhart, B., Jaluria, Y., Mahajan, R. L. and Sammakia, B., ''Buoyancy-induced flows and transport'', Hemisphere Pub. Corp., New York,1988 | ||
# Jaluria, Y., Hydrodynamics of laminar buoyant jets, in ''Encyclopedia of Fluid Mechanics'', N. P. Cheremisinoff (Eds), Gulf Pub. Co., 1986 | # Jaluria, Y., Hydrodynamics of laminar buoyant jets, in ''Encyclopedia of Fluid Mechanics'', N. P. Cheremisinoff (Eds), Gulf Pub. Co., 1986 | ||
# List, E. J., Turbulent jets and plumes, ''Ann. Rev. Fluid Mech.'', 14, p.189-212, 1982 | # List, E. J., Turbulent jets and plumes, ''Ann. Rev. Fluid Mech.'', 14, p.189-212, 1982 | ||
# List, E. J., Mechanics of turbulent buoyant jets and plumes, in ''Turbulent Buoyant Jets and Plumes'', Rodi, W. (Eds), Pergamon Press, 1982 | # List, E. J., Mechanics of turbulent buoyant jets and plumes, in ''Turbulent Buoyant Jets and Plumes'', Rodi, W. (Eds), Pergamon Press, 1982 | ||
# Hossain, M. S. and Rodi, W., A turbulence model for buoyant flows and its application to vertical buoyant jets, in ''Turbulent Buoyant Jets and Plumes'', W. Rodi (Eds), Pergamon Press, 1982 | |||
# Papanicolaou, P. N. and List, E. J., Investigations of round vertical turbulent jets, ''J. Fluid Mech'', 195, p.341-391, 1988 | # Papanicolaou, P. N. and List, E. J., Investigations of round vertical turbulent jets, ''J. Fluid Mech'', 195, p.341-391, 1988 | ||
# Dai, Z., Tseng, L.-K. and Faeth, G. M., Structure of round, fully-developed, buoyant turbulent plumes, ''J. Heat Transfer'', 116, p.409-417, 94 | # Dai, Z., Tseng, L.-K. and Faeth, G. M., Structure of round, fully-developed, buoyant turbulent plumes, ''J. Heat Transfer'', 116, p.409-417, 94 | ||
# Shabbir, A. and George, W. K., Experiments on a round turbulent buoyant plume, ''J. Fluid Mech.'', 275, p.1-32, 1994 | # Shabbir, A. and George, W. K., Experiments on a round turbulent buoyant plume, ''J. Fluid Mech.'', 275, p.1-32, 1994 | ||
# Yih, C.-S., Free convection due to a point source of heat, in ''Proc. 1st U. S. Congr. Appl. Mech.'', E. Sternberg (Eds), ASME, 1951 | |||
# Rouse, H., Yih, C. S. and Humphreys, H. W., Gravitational convection from a boundary source, ''Tellus'', 4, p.201-210, 1952 | |||
# Batchelor, G. K., Heat convection and buoyancy effects in fluids, ''Quart. J. Roy. Met. Soc.'', 80, p.339-358, 1954 | |||
# Morton, B. R., Taylor, G. I. and Turner, J. S., Turbulent gravitational convection from maintained and instantaneous sources, ''Proc. Roy. Soc. Lond.'', A234, p.1-23, 1956 | |||
# Delichatsios, M. A., On the similarity of velocity and temperature profiles in strong (variable density) turbulent buoyant plumes, ''Combust. Sci and Tech.'', 60, p.253-266, 1988 | |||
# Rooney, G. G. and Linden, P. F., Similarity considerations for non-Boussinesq plumes in an unstratified environment, ''J. Fluid Mech.'', 318, p.237-250, 1996 | |||
# Scase, M. M., Caulfield, C. P., Dalziel, S. B. and Hunt, J. C. R., Time-dependent plumes and jets with decreasing source strength, ''J. Fluid Mech.'', 563, p.443-461, 2006 | |||
# Scase, M. M., Caulfield, C. P. and Dalziel, S. B., Boussinesq plumes and jets with decreasing source strengths in statified environments, ''J. Fluid Mech.'', 563, p.463-472, 2006 | |||
# Delichatsios, M. A., Time similarity analysis of unsteady buoyant plumes in neutral surroundings, ''J. Fluid Mech.'', 93, p.241-250, 1979 | |||
# Heskestad, G., Virtual origins of fire plumes, ''Fire Safety Journal'', 5, p.109-114, 1983 | |||
# Heskestad, G., Engineering relations for fire plumes, ''Fire Safety Journal'', 7, p.25-32, 1984 | |||
# Zukoski, E. E., Kubota, T. and Cetegen, B., Entrainment in Fire Plumes, ''Fire Safety Journal'', 3, p.107-121, 1981 | |||
# Fang, J. and Yuan, H.-Y., Experimental measurements, integral modeling and smoke detection of early fire in thermally stratified environments, ''Fire Safety Journal'', 42, p.11-24, 2007 | |||
# Schmidt, W., Turbulente ausbreitung eines stromes erhitzter luft, ''Z. Angew. Math. Mech.'', 21, p.265-278 and p.351-363, 1941 | |||
# Linden, P. F., Convection in the environment, in ''Perspectives in Fluid Dynamics'', G. K. Batchelor, H. K. Moffat & M. G. Worster (Eds), Cambridge University Press, 2000 | |||
# Diez, F. J. and Dahm, W. J. A., Effects of heat release on turbulent shear flows. Part 3 Buoyancy effects due to heat release in jets and plumes, ''J. Fluid Mech.'', 575, p.221-255, 2007 | |||
# <span id="28">Zhou, X., Luo, K. H. and Williams, J. J. R., Large-eddy simulation of a turbulent forced plume, ''Eur. J. Mech. B - Fluids'', 20, p.233-254, 2001</span> | |||
# Zhou, X., Luo, K. H. and Williams, J. J. R., Study of density effects in turbulent buoyancy jets using large-eddy simulation, ''Theoret. Comput. Fluid Dynamics'', 15, p.95-120, 2001 | |||
# Cetegen, B. M., Behavior of naturally unstable and periodically forced axisymmetric buoyant plumes of helium and helium-air mixtures, ''Phys. Fluids'', 9, p.3742-3752, 1997 | |||
# Shabbir, A. and George, W. K., Energy balance measurements in an axisymmetric buoyant plume, in ''Proc. 6th Symp. on Turbulent Shear Flows'', (Eds), , 1987 | |||
# Shabbir, A., ''An experimental study of an axisymmetric turbulent buoyant plume and investigation of closure hypotheses'', , Dept. of Mech. & Aero. Eng., University at Buffalo 1987 | |||
# Shabbir, A. and Taulbee, T. B., Evaluation of turbulence models for predicting buoyant flows, ''J. Heat Transfer'', 112, p.945-951, 1990 | |||
# Shabbir, A. and George, W. K., Experiments on a round turbulent buoyant plume, in ''NASA Technical Memorandum 105955'', (Eds), , 1992 | |||
# Papantoniou, P. N. and List, E. J., Large scale structure in the far field of buoyant jets, ''J. Fluid Mech.'', 209, p.151-190, 1989 | |||
# Papanicolaou, P. N. and List, E. J., Statistical and spectral properties of tracer concentration in round buoyant jets, ''Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer'', 30, p.2059-2071, 1987 | |||
# Dai, Z., Tseng, L.-K. and Faeth, G. M., Velocity statistics of round, fully developed buoyant turbulent plumes, ''J. Heat Transfer'', 117, p.138-145, 1995 | |||
# Dai, Z., Tsend, L.-K. and Faeth, G. M., Velocity/mixture-fraction statistics of round, self-preserving buoyant turbulent plumes, ''J. Heat Transfer'', 117, p.918-926, 1995 | |||
# Dai, Z., Krishnan, S. K., Sangras, R., Wu, J. S. and Faeth, G. M., Mixing and Radiation Properties of Buoyant Luminous Flame Environments, in ''NIST-GCR-96-691'', (Eds), National Institute for Standards & Technology, 1996 | |||
# George, W. K., Governing equations, experiments and the experimentalist, ''Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science'', 3, p.557-566, 1990 | |||
# Dai, Z. and Faeth, G. M., Measurement of the structure of self-preserving round buoyant turbulent plumes, ''J. Heat Transfer'', 118, p.493-495, 1996 | |||
# Brescianini, C. P. and Delichatsios, M. A., New evaluation of the k-epsilon turbulence model for free buoyant plumes, ''Numerical Heat Transfer, Part A'', 43, p.731-751, 2003 | |||
# Heskestad, G., Dynamics of the fire plume, ''Phi. Trans. Roy. Soc.'', 356, p.2815-2833, 1998 | |||
# Shabbir, A. and Taulbee, D. B., Experimental balances for the second moments for a buoyant plume and their implication on turbulence modeling, ''Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer'', 43, p.1777-1790, 2000 | |||
# Yao, X. and Marshall, A. W., Qantitative salt-water modeling of fire-induced flow, ''Fire Safety Journal'', 41, p.497-508, 2006 | |||
# Gibson, M. M. and Launder, B. E., Ground effects on pressure fluctuations in the atmospheric boundary layer, ''J. Fluid Mech.'', , p.491-511, 1978 | |||
# Rodi, W., ''The prediction of free turbulent boundary layers by use of a two-equation model of turbulence'', , PhD Thesis, University of London, UK 1972 | |||
# Nam, S. and Bill, R. G. Jr., Numerical simulation of thermal plumes, ''Fire Safety Journal'', 21, p.213-256, 1993 | |||
# Launder, B. E. and Spalding, D. B., ''Mathematical models of turbulence'', Academic Press, London,1972 | |||
# Hara, T. and Kato, S., Numerical simulation of thermal plumes in free space using the standard k-epsilon model, ''Fire Safety Journal'', 39, p.105-129, 2004 | |||
# Yokoi, S., Study on the prevention of fire-spread caused by hot upward current, in ''Building Research Institute Report No. 34'', (Eds), , 1960 | |||
# Daly, B. J. and Harlow, F. H., Transport equations in turbulence, ''Phys. Fluids'', 13, p.2634-2649, 1970 | |||
# Yan, Z. and Holmstedt, G., A two-equation model and its application to a buoyant diffusion flame, ''Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer'', 42, p.1305-1315, 1999 | |||
# Davidson, L., Second-order correction of the k-epsilon model to account for non-isotropic effects due to buoyancy, ''Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer'', 33, p.2599-2608, 1990 | |||
# Malin, M. R. and Younis, B. A., Calculation of turbulent buoyant plumes with a Reynolds stress and heat flux transport closure, ''Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer'', 33, p.2247-2264, 1990 | |||
# Gibson, M. M. and Younis, B. A., Modelling the curved turbulent wall jet, ''AIAA J.'', 20, p.1707-1712, 1982 | |||
# Gibson, M. M. and Younis, B. A., Calculation of swirling jets with a Reynolds stress closure, ''Phys. Fluids'', 29, p.38-48, 1986 | |||
# Gibson, M. M. and Younis, B. A., Calculation of boundary layers with sudden transverse strain, ''ASME J. Fluids Eng.'', 108, p.470-475, 1986 | |||
# Craft, T. J., Ince, N. Z. and Launder, B. E., Recent developments in second-moment closure for buoyancy-affected flows, ''Dynamics of Atmospheres and Oceans'', 23, p.99-114, 1996 | |||
# Cresswell, R., Haroutunian, V., Ince, N. Z., Launder, B. E. and Szczepura, R. T., Measurement and modelling of buoyancy-modified elliptic turbulent flows, in ''Proc. 7th Symp. on Turbulent Shear Flows'', (Eds), , 1989 | |||
# el Baz, A., Craft, T. J., Ince, N. Z. and Launder, B. E., On the adequacy of the thin-shear-flow equations for computing turbulent jets in stagnant surroundings, ''Int. J. Heat Fluid Flow'', 14, p.164-169, 1993 | |||
# Magi, V., Iyer, V. and Abraham, J., The k-epsilon model and computed spreading rates in round and plane jets, ''Num. Heat Transfer, Part A'', 40, p.317-334, 2001 | |||
# Haroutunian, M. and Launder, B. E., Second-moment modelling of free buoyant shear flows: a comparison of parabolic and elliptic solutions, in ''Proc. IMA Conf. on Stably Stratified Flow and Dense Gas Dispersion'', (Eds), , 1986 | |||
# Rouse, J., Yih, C. S. and Humphrey, R. W., Gravitational convection from a boundary source, ''Tellus'', 4, p.201-210, 1952 | |||
# Jones, W. P. and Launder, B. E., The prediction of laminarization with a two-equation model of turbulence, ''Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer'', 15, p.301-314, 1972 | |||
# Shih, T. H., Liou, W. W., Shabbir, A., Yang, Z. and Zhu, J., A new k-epsilon eddy-viscosity model for high Reynolds number turbulent flows, ''Comput. Fluids'', 24, p.227-238, 1995 | |||
# Pope, S. B., An explanation of the round-jet/plane-jet anomaly, ''AIAA Journal'', 16, p.279-281, 1978 | |||
# Kato, M. and Launder, B. E., The modelling of turbulent flow around stationary and vibrating cylinders, in ''Proc. 9th Symposium on Turbulent Shear Flows'', (Eds), , 1993 | |||
# Wilcox, D. C., ''Turbulence Modelling for CFD'', DCW Industries, ,1993 | |||
# Ince, N. Z. and Launder, B. E., On the computation of buoyancy-driven turbulent flows in rectangular enclosures, ''Int. J. Heat Fluid Flow'', 10, p.110-117, 1989 | |||
# Rodi, W., ''Turbulence models and their application in hydraulics'', A.A. Balkema, Rotterdam, ,1980 | |||
# Markatos, N. C., Malin, M. R. and Cox, G., Mathematical modeling of buoyancy-induced smoke flow in enclosures, ''Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer'', 25, p.63-75, 1982 | |||
# Worthy, J., Sanderson, V. and Rubini, P., Comparison of modified k-epsilon turbulence models for buoyant plumes, ''Numerical Heat Transfer B: Fundamentals'', 39, p.151-165, 2001 | |||
# Chassaig, P., Antonia, R. A., Anselmet, F., Joly, L. and Sarkar, S., ''Variable density fluid turbulence'', Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, MA,2002 | |||
# O'Hern, T. J., Weckman, E. J., Gerhart, A. L., Tieszen, S. R. and Schefer, R. W., Experimental study of a turbulent buoyant helium plume, ''J. Fluid Mech.'', 544, p.143-171, 2005 | |||
# Hanjalić, K. and Launder, B. E., Sensitizing the dissipation equation to irrotational strains, ''J. Fluids Eng.'', 102, p.34-40, 1980 | |||
{{UFRHeader | {{UFRHeader | ||
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|number=06 | |number=06 | ||
}} | }} | ||
Latest revision as of 19:15, 11 February 2017
Axisymmetric buoyant far-field plume
Underlying Flow Regime 1-06
References
- Chen, C. J. and Rodi, W., Vertical buoyant jets: a review of experimental data, Pergamon, New York,1980
- Van Maele, K. and Merci, B., Application of two buoyancy modified k-epsilon turbulence models to different types of buoyant plumes, Fire Safety Journal, 41, p.122-138, 2006
- George, W. K. Jr., Alpert, R. L. and Tamanini, F., Turbulence measurements in an axisymmetric buoyant plume, Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer, 20, p.1145-1154, 1977
- Gebhart, B., Jaluria, Y., Mahajan, R. L. and Sammakia, B., Buoyancy-induced flows and transport, Hemisphere Pub. Corp., New York,1988
- Jaluria, Y., Hydrodynamics of laminar buoyant jets, in Encyclopedia of Fluid Mechanics, N. P. Cheremisinoff (Eds), Gulf Pub. Co., 1986
- List, E. J., Turbulent jets and plumes, Ann. Rev. Fluid Mech., 14, p.189-212, 1982
- List, E. J., Mechanics of turbulent buoyant jets and plumes, in Turbulent Buoyant Jets and Plumes, Rodi, W. (Eds), Pergamon Press, 1982
- Hossain, M. S. and Rodi, W., A turbulence model for buoyant flows and its application to vertical buoyant jets, in Turbulent Buoyant Jets and Plumes, W. Rodi (Eds), Pergamon Press, 1982
- Papanicolaou, P. N. and List, E. J., Investigations of round vertical turbulent jets, J. Fluid Mech, 195, p.341-391, 1988
- Dai, Z., Tseng, L.-K. and Faeth, G. M., Structure of round, fully-developed, buoyant turbulent plumes, J. Heat Transfer, 116, p.409-417, 94
- Shabbir, A. and George, W. K., Experiments on a round turbulent buoyant plume, J. Fluid Mech., 275, p.1-32, 1994
- Yih, C.-S., Free convection due to a point source of heat, in Proc. 1st U. S. Congr. Appl. Mech., E. Sternberg (Eds), ASME, 1951
- Rouse, H., Yih, C. S. and Humphreys, H. W., Gravitational convection from a boundary source, Tellus, 4, p.201-210, 1952
- Batchelor, G. K., Heat convection and buoyancy effects in fluids, Quart. J. Roy. Met. Soc., 80, p.339-358, 1954
- Morton, B. R., Taylor, G. I. and Turner, J. S., Turbulent gravitational convection from maintained and instantaneous sources, Proc. Roy. Soc. Lond., A234, p.1-23, 1956
- Delichatsios, M. A., On the similarity of velocity and temperature profiles in strong (variable density) turbulent buoyant plumes, Combust. Sci and Tech., 60, p.253-266, 1988
- Rooney, G. G. and Linden, P. F., Similarity considerations for non-Boussinesq plumes in an unstratified environment, J. Fluid Mech., 318, p.237-250, 1996
- Scase, M. M., Caulfield, C. P., Dalziel, S. B. and Hunt, J. C. R., Time-dependent plumes and jets with decreasing source strength, J. Fluid Mech., 563, p.443-461, 2006
- Scase, M. M., Caulfield, C. P. and Dalziel, S. B., Boussinesq plumes and jets with decreasing source strengths in statified environments, J. Fluid Mech., 563, p.463-472, 2006
- Delichatsios, M. A., Time similarity analysis of unsteady buoyant plumes in neutral surroundings, J. Fluid Mech., 93, p.241-250, 1979
- Heskestad, G., Virtual origins of fire plumes, Fire Safety Journal, 5, p.109-114, 1983
- Heskestad, G., Engineering relations for fire plumes, Fire Safety Journal, 7, p.25-32, 1984
- Zukoski, E. E., Kubota, T. and Cetegen, B., Entrainment in Fire Plumes, Fire Safety Journal, 3, p.107-121, 1981
- Fang, J. and Yuan, H.-Y., Experimental measurements, integral modeling and smoke detection of early fire in thermally stratified environments, Fire Safety Journal, 42, p.11-24, 2007
- Schmidt, W., Turbulente ausbreitung eines stromes erhitzter luft, Z. Angew. Math. Mech., 21, p.265-278 and p.351-363, 1941
- Linden, P. F., Convection in the environment, in Perspectives in Fluid Dynamics, G. K. Batchelor, H. K. Moffat & M. G. Worster (Eds), Cambridge University Press, 2000
- Diez, F. J. and Dahm, W. J. A., Effects of heat release on turbulent shear flows. Part 3 Buoyancy effects due to heat release in jets and plumes, J. Fluid Mech., 575, p.221-255, 2007
- Zhou, X., Luo, K. H. and Williams, J. J. R., Large-eddy simulation of a turbulent forced plume, Eur. J. Mech. B - Fluids, 20, p.233-254, 2001
- Zhou, X., Luo, K. H. and Williams, J. J. R., Study of density effects in turbulent buoyancy jets using large-eddy simulation, Theoret. Comput. Fluid Dynamics, 15, p.95-120, 2001
- Cetegen, B. M., Behavior of naturally unstable and periodically forced axisymmetric buoyant plumes of helium and helium-air mixtures, Phys. Fluids, 9, p.3742-3752, 1997
- Shabbir, A. and George, W. K., Energy balance measurements in an axisymmetric buoyant plume, in Proc. 6th Symp. on Turbulent Shear Flows, (Eds), , 1987
- Shabbir, A., An experimental study of an axisymmetric turbulent buoyant plume and investigation of closure hypotheses, , Dept. of Mech. & Aero. Eng., University at Buffalo 1987
- Shabbir, A. and Taulbee, T. B., Evaluation of turbulence models for predicting buoyant flows, J. Heat Transfer, 112, p.945-951, 1990
- Shabbir, A. and George, W. K., Experiments on a round turbulent buoyant plume, in NASA Technical Memorandum 105955, (Eds), , 1992
- Papantoniou, P. N. and List, E. J., Large scale structure in the far field of buoyant jets, J. Fluid Mech., 209, p.151-190, 1989
- Papanicolaou, P. N. and List, E. J., Statistical and spectral properties of tracer concentration in round buoyant jets, Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer, 30, p.2059-2071, 1987
- Dai, Z., Tseng, L.-K. and Faeth, G. M., Velocity statistics of round, fully developed buoyant turbulent plumes, J. Heat Transfer, 117, p.138-145, 1995
- Dai, Z., Tsend, L.-K. and Faeth, G. M., Velocity/mixture-fraction statistics of round, self-preserving buoyant turbulent plumes, J. Heat Transfer, 117, p.918-926, 1995
- Dai, Z., Krishnan, S. K., Sangras, R., Wu, J. S. and Faeth, G. M., Mixing and Radiation Properties of Buoyant Luminous Flame Environments, in NIST-GCR-96-691, (Eds), National Institute for Standards & Technology, 1996
- George, W. K., Governing equations, experiments and the experimentalist, Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science, 3, p.557-566, 1990
- Dai, Z. and Faeth, G. M., Measurement of the structure of self-preserving round buoyant turbulent plumes, J. Heat Transfer, 118, p.493-495, 1996
- Brescianini, C. P. and Delichatsios, M. A., New evaluation of the k-epsilon turbulence model for free buoyant plumes, Numerical Heat Transfer, Part A, 43, p.731-751, 2003
- Heskestad, G., Dynamics of the fire plume, Phi. Trans. Roy. Soc., 356, p.2815-2833, 1998
- Shabbir, A. and Taulbee, D. B., Experimental balances for the second moments for a buoyant plume and their implication on turbulence modeling, Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer, 43, p.1777-1790, 2000
- Yao, X. and Marshall, A. W., Qantitative salt-water modeling of fire-induced flow, Fire Safety Journal, 41, p.497-508, 2006
- Gibson, M. M. and Launder, B. E., Ground effects on pressure fluctuations in the atmospheric boundary layer, J. Fluid Mech., , p.491-511, 1978
- Rodi, W., The prediction of free turbulent boundary layers by use of a two-equation model of turbulence, , PhD Thesis, University of London, UK 1972
- Nam, S. and Bill, R. G. Jr., Numerical simulation of thermal plumes, Fire Safety Journal, 21, p.213-256, 1993
- Launder, B. E. and Spalding, D. B., Mathematical models of turbulence, Academic Press, London,1972
- Hara, T. and Kato, S., Numerical simulation of thermal plumes in free space using the standard k-epsilon model, Fire Safety Journal, 39, p.105-129, 2004
- Yokoi, S., Study on the prevention of fire-spread caused by hot upward current, in Building Research Institute Report No. 34, (Eds), , 1960
- Daly, B. J. and Harlow, F. H., Transport equations in turbulence, Phys. Fluids, 13, p.2634-2649, 1970
- Yan, Z. and Holmstedt, G., A two-equation model and its application to a buoyant diffusion flame, Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer, 42, p.1305-1315, 1999
- Davidson, L., Second-order correction of the k-epsilon model to account for non-isotropic effects due to buoyancy, Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer, 33, p.2599-2608, 1990
- Malin, M. R. and Younis, B. A., Calculation of turbulent buoyant plumes with a Reynolds stress and heat flux transport closure, Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer, 33, p.2247-2264, 1990
- Gibson, M. M. and Younis, B. A., Modelling the curved turbulent wall jet, AIAA J., 20, p.1707-1712, 1982
- Gibson, M. M. and Younis, B. A., Calculation of swirling jets with a Reynolds stress closure, Phys. Fluids, 29, p.38-48, 1986
- Gibson, M. M. and Younis, B. A., Calculation of boundary layers with sudden transverse strain, ASME J. Fluids Eng., 108, p.470-475, 1986
- Craft, T. J., Ince, N. Z. and Launder, B. E., Recent developments in second-moment closure for buoyancy-affected flows, Dynamics of Atmospheres and Oceans, 23, p.99-114, 1996
- Cresswell, R., Haroutunian, V., Ince, N. Z., Launder, B. E. and Szczepura, R. T., Measurement and modelling of buoyancy-modified elliptic turbulent flows, in Proc. 7th Symp. on Turbulent Shear Flows, (Eds), , 1989
- el Baz, A., Craft, T. J., Ince, N. Z. and Launder, B. E., On the adequacy of the thin-shear-flow equations for computing turbulent jets in stagnant surroundings, Int. J. Heat Fluid Flow, 14, p.164-169, 1993
- Magi, V., Iyer, V. and Abraham, J., The k-epsilon model and computed spreading rates in round and plane jets, Num. Heat Transfer, Part A, 40, p.317-334, 2001
- Haroutunian, M. and Launder, B. E., Second-moment modelling of free buoyant shear flows: a comparison of parabolic and elliptic solutions, in Proc. IMA Conf. on Stably Stratified Flow and Dense Gas Dispersion, (Eds), , 1986
- Rouse, J., Yih, C. S. and Humphrey, R. W., Gravitational convection from a boundary source, Tellus, 4, p.201-210, 1952
- Jones, W. P. and Launder, B. E., The prediction of laminarization with a two-equation model of turbulence, Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer, 15, p.301-314, 1972
- Shih, T. H., Liou, W. W., Shabbir, A., Yang, Z. and Zhu, J., A new k-epsilon eddy-viscosity model for high Reynolds number turbulent flows, Comput. Fluids, 24, p.227-238, 1995
- Pope, S. B., An explanation of the round-jet/plane-jet anomaly, AIAA Journal, 16, p.279-281, 1978
- Kato, M. and Launder, B. E., The modelling of turbulent flow around stationary and vibrating cylinders, in Proc. 9th Symposium on Turbulent Shear Flows, (Eds), , 1993
- Wilcox, D. C., Turbulence Modelling for CFD, DCW Industries, ,1993
- Ince, N. Z. and Launder, B. E., On the computation of buoyancy-driven turbulent flows in rectangular enclosures, Int. J. Heat Fluid Flow, 10, p.110-117, 1989
- Rodi, W., Turbulence models and their application in hydraulics, A.A. Balkema, Rotterdam, ,1980
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