Abstr:AC7-01: Difference between revisions
No edit summary |
|||
| Line 8: | Line 8: | ||
===Application Challenge AC7-01=== | ===Application Challenge AC7-01=== | ||
=Abstract= | =Abstract= | ||
Knowledge of deposition Characteristics in the human airways is important When assessing | |||
the impact of inhaled aerosols7 that can be either atmospheric pollutants 0r aerosols in— | |||
tended for therapeutic purposes. Not only the total deposition7 but also local depositions | |||
Within individual parts of the lung are of interest. The application of computer models | |||
that are based on computational fluid dynamics for the prediction of aerosol deposition in | |||
the human airways has become very common nowadays. Despite their limitations7 that | |||
are mainly associated to their high computational cost7 CFD models offer significant ad— | |||
vantages over in vitm / in vivo experiments. However7 prior to their use CFD models | |||
need to be properly validated. This is the objective of the current application Challenge. | |||
Specifically7 in vitm deposition measurements using positron emission tomography (PET) | |||
have been conducted in a human—based model of the upper airway during steady—state | |||
inhalation at flow rates of 157 30 and 60 L/min. The flow conditions at these flowrates | |||
are in the transitional t0 turbulent regime. CFD simulations were carried out in the | |||
same geometry and under the same ventilation conditions. Two sets of simulations were | |||
performed: Large Eddy Simulations using the dynamic version of the Smagorinsky—Lilly | |||
subgrid scale model and RANS simulations using the k—w—SST turbulence model. In both | |||
methods7 the Lagrangian approach has been adopted to track spherical particles in the | |||
airway geometry and determine regional deposition patterns. | |||
The methods and results described in the present Application Challenge are mainly | |||
adopted from Lizal et al. (2012) (experimental part) and Koullapis et al. (2018) (numerical | |||
part). | |||
<br/> | <br/> | ||
---- | ---- | ||
Revision as of 08:40, 2 October 2019
Aerosol deposition in the human upper airways
Application Area 7: *****
Application Challenge AC7-01
Abstract
Knowledge of deposition Characteristics in the human airways is important When assessing the impact of inhaled aerosols7 that can be either atmospheric pollutants 0r aerosols in— tended for therapeutic purposes. Not only the total deposition7 but also local depositions Within individual parts of the lung are of interest. The application of computer models that are based on computational fluid dynamics for the prediction of aerosol deposition in the human airways has become very common nowadays. Despite their limitations7 that are mainly associated to their high computational cost7 CFD models offer significant ad— vantages over in vitm / in vivo experiments. However7 prior to their use CFD models need to be properly validated. This is the objective of the current application Challenge. Specifically7 in vitm deposition measurements using positron emission tomography (PET) have been conducted in a human—based model of the upper airway during steady—state inhalation at flow rates of 157 30 and 60 L/min. The flow conditions at these flowrates are in the transitional t0 turbulent regime. CFD simulations were carried out in the same geometry and under the same ventilation conditions. Two sets of simulations were performed: Large Eddy Simulations using the dynamic version of the Smagorinsky—Lilly subgrid scale model and RANS simulations using the k—w—SST turbulence model. In both methods7 the Lagrangian approach has been adopted to track spherical particles in the airway geometry and determine regional deposition patterns.
The methods and results described in the present Application Challenge are mainly
adopted from Lizal et al. (2012) (experimental part) and Koullapis et al. (2018) (numerical
part).
Contributed by: P. Koullapis — ***
© copyright ERCOFTAC 2019