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= Axisymmetric buoyant far-field plume =


Underlying Flow Regime 1-06
Underlying Flow Regime 1-06


= References =
= References =
 
# Chen, C. J. and Rodi, W., ''Vertical buoyant jets: a review of experimental data'', Pergamon, New York,1980
* Reference 1
# Van Maele, K. and Merci, B., Application of two buoyancy modified k-epsilon turbulence models to different types of buoyant plumes, ''Fire Safety Journal'', 41, p.122-138, 2006
* Reference 2 ...
# George, W. K. Jr., Alpert, R. L. and Tamanini, F., Turbulence measurements in an axisymmetric buoyant plume, ''Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer'', 20, p.1145-1154, 1977
 
# Gebhart, B., Jaluria, Y., Mahajan, R. L. and Sammakia, B., ''Buoyancy-induced flows and transport'', Hemisphere Pub. Corp., New York,1988
# Jaluria, Y., Hydrodynamics of laminar buoyant jets, in ''Encyclopedia of Fluid Mechanics'', N. P. Cheremisinoff (Eds), Gulf Pub. Co., 1986
# List, E. J., Turbulent jets and plumes, ''Ann. Rev. Fluid Mech.'', 14, p.189-212, 1982
# List, E. J., Mechanics of turbulent buoyant jets and plumes, in ''Turbulent Buoyant Jets and Plumes'', Rodi, W. (Eds), Pergamon Press, 1982
# Hossain, M. S. and Rodi, W., A turbulence model for buoyant flows and its application to vertical buoyant jets, in ''Turbulent Buoyant Jets and Plumes'', W. Rodi (Eds), Pergamon Press, 1982
# Papanicolaou, P. N. and List, E. J., Investigations of round vertical turbulent jets, ''J. Fluid Mech'', 195, p.341-391, 1988
# Dai, Z., Tseng, L.-K. and Faeth, G. M., Structure of round, fully-developed, buoyant turbulent plumes, ''J. Heat Transfer'', 116, p.409-417, 94
# Shabbir, A. and George, W. K., Experiments on a round turbulent buoyant plume, ''J. Fluid Mech.'', 275, p.1-32, 1994
# Yih, C.-S., Free convection due to a point source of heat, in ''Proc. 1st U. S. Congr. Appl. Mech.'', E. Sternberg (Eds), ASME, 1951
# Rouse, H., Yih, C. S. and Humphreys, H. W., Gravitational convection from a boundary source, ''Tellus'', 4, p.201-210, 1952
# Batchelor, G. K., Heat convection and buoyancy effects in fluids, ''Quart. J. Roy. Met. Soc.'', 80, p.339-358, 1954
# Morton, B. R., Taylor, G. I. and Turner, J. S., Turbulent gravitational convection from maintained and instantaneous sources, ''Proc. Roy. Soc. Lond.'', A234, p.1-23, 1956
# Delichatsios, M. A., On the similarity of velocity and temperature profiles in strong (variable density) turbulent buoyant plumes, ''Combust. Sci and Tech.'', 60, p.253-266, 1988
# Rooney, G. G. and Linden, P. F., Similarity considerations for non-Boussinesq plumes in an unstratified environment, ''J. Fluid Mech.'', 318, p.237-250, 1996
# Scase, M. M., Caulfield, C. P., Dalziel, S. B. and Hunt, J. C. R., Time-dependent plumes and jets with decreasing source strength, ''J. Fluid Mech.'', 563, p.443-461, 2006
# Scase, M. M., Caulfield, C. P. and Dalziel, S. B., Boussinesq plumes and jets with decreasing source strengths in statified environments, ''J. Fluid Mech.'', 563, p.463-472, 2006
# Delichatsios, M. A., Time similarity analysis of unsteady buoyant plumes in neutral surroundings, ''J. Fluid Mech.'', 93, p.241-250, 1979
# Heskestad, G., Virtual origins of fire plumes, ''Fire Safety Journal'', 5, p.109-114, 1983
# Heskestad, G., Engineering relations for fire plumes, ''Fire Safety Journal'', 7, p.25-32, 1984
# Zukoski, E. E., Kubota, T. and Cetegen, B., Entrainment in Fire Plumes, ''Fire Safety Journal'', 3, p.107-121, 1981
# Fang, J. and Yuan, H.-Y., Experimental measurements, integral modeling and smoke detection of early fire in thermally stratified environments, ''Fire Safety Journal'', 42, p.11-24, 2007
# Schmidt, W., Turbulente ausbreitung eines stromes erhitzter luft, ''Z. Angew. Math. Mech.'', 21, p.265-278 and p.351-363, 1941
# Linden, P. F., Convection in the environment, in ''Perspectives in Fluid Dynamics'', G. K. Batchelor, H. K. Moffat & M. G. Worster (Eds), Cambridge University Press, 2000
# Diez, F. J. and Dahm, W. J. A., Effects of heat release on turbulent shear flows. Part 3 Buoyancy effects due to heat release in jets and plumes, ''J. Fluid Mech.'', 575, p.221-255, 2007
# <span id="28">Zhou, X., Luo, K. H. and Williams, J. J. R., Large-eddy simulation of a turbulent forced plume, ''Eur. J. Mech. B - Fluids'', 20, p.233-254, 2001</span>
# Zhou, X., Luo, K. H. and Williams, J. J. R., Study of density effects in turbulent buoyancy jets using large-eddy simulation, ''Theoret. Comput. Fluid Dynamics'', 15, p.95-120, 2001
# Cetegen, B. M., Behavior of naturally unstable and periodically forced axisymmetric buoyant plumes of helium and helium-air mixtures, ''Phys. Fluids'', 9, p.3742-3752, 1997
# Shabbir, A. and George, W. K., Energy balance measurements in an axisymmetric buoyant plume, in ''Proc. 6th Symp. on Turbulent Shear Flows'', (Eds), , 1987
# Shabbir, A., ''An experimental study of an axisymmetric turbulent buoyant plume and investigation of closure hypotheses'', , Dept. of Mech. & Aero. Eng., University at Buffalo 1987
# Shabbir, A. and Taulbee, T. B., Evaluation of turbulence models for predicting buoyant flows, ''J. Heat Transfer'', 112, p.945-951, 1990
# Shabbir, A. and George, W. K., Experiments on a round turbulent buoyant plume, in ''NASA Technical Memorandum 105955'', (Eds), , 1992
# Papantoniou, P. N. and List, E. J., Large scale structure in the far field of buoyant jets, ''J. Fluid Mech.'', 209, p.151-190, 1989
# Papanicolaou, P. N. and List, E. J., Statistical and spectral properties of tracer concentration in round buoyant jets, ''Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer'', 30, p.2059-2071, 1987
# Dai, Z., Tseng, L.-K. and Faeth, G. M., Velocity statistics of round, fully developed buoyant turbulent plumes, ''J. Heat Transfer'', 117, p.138-145, 1995
# Dai, Z., Tsend, L.-K. and Faeth, G. M., Velocity/mixture-fraction statistics of round, self-preserving buoyant turbulent plumes, ''J. Heat Transfer'', 117, p.918-926, 1995
# Dai, Z., Krishnan, S. K., Sangras, R., Wu, J. S. and Faeth, G. M., Mixing and Radiation Properties of Buoyant Luminous Flame Environments, in ''NIST-GCR-96-691'', (Eds), National Institute for Standards & Technology, 1996
# George, W. K., Governing equations, experiments and the experimentalist, ''Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science'', 3, p.557-566, 1990
# Dai, Z. and Faeth, G. M., Measurement of the structure of self-preserving round buoyant turbulent plumes, ''J. Heat Transfer'', 118, p.493-495, 1996
# Brescianini, C. P. and Delichatsios, M. A., New evaluation of the k-epsilon turbulence model for free buoyant plumes, ''Numerical Heat Transfer, Part A'', 43, p.731-751, 2003
# Heskestad, G., Dynamics of the fire plume, ''Phi. Trans. Roy. Soc.'', 356, p.2815-2833, 1998
# Shabbir, A. and Taulbee, D. B., Experimental balances for the second moments for a buoyant plume and their implication on turbulence modeling, ''Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer'', 43, p.1777-1790, 2000
# Yao, X. and Marshall, A. W., Qantitative salt-water modeling of fire-induced flow, ''Fire Safety Journal'', 41, p.497-508, 2006
# Gibson, M. M. and Launder, B. E., Ground effects on pressure fluctuations in the atmospheric boundary layer, ''J. Fluid Mech.'', , p.491-511, 1978
# Rodi, W., ''The prediction of free turbulent boundary layers by use of a two-equation model of turbulence'', , PhD Thesis, University of London, UK 1972
# Nam, S. and Bill, R. G. Jr., Numerical simulation of thermal plumes, ''Fire Safety Journal'', 21, p.213-256, 1993
# Launder, B. E. and Spalding, D. B., ''Mathematical models of turbulence'', Academic Press, London,1972
# Hara, T. and Kato, S., Numerical simulation of thermal plumes in free space using the standard k-epsilon model, ''Fire Safety Journal'', 39, p.105-129, 2004
# Yokoi, S., Study on the prevention of fire-spread caused by hot upward current, in ''Building Research Institute Report No. 34'', (Eds), , 1960
# Daly, B. J. and Harlow, F. H., Transport equations in turbulence, ''Phys. Fluids'', 13, p.2634-2649, 1970
# Yan, Z. and Holmstedt, G., A two-equation model and its application to a buoyant diffusion flame, ''Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer'', 42, p.1305-1315, 1999
# Davidson, L., Second-order correction of the k-epsilon model to account for non-isotropic effects due to buoyancy, ''Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer'', 33, p.2599-2608, 1990
# Malin, M. R. and Younis, B. A., Calculation of turbulent buoyant plumes with a Reynolds stress and heat flux transport closure, ''Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer'', 33, p.2247-2264, 1990
# Gibson, M. M. and Younis, B. A., Modelling the curved turbulent wall jet, ''AIAA J.'', 20, p.1707-1712, 1982
# Gibson, M. M. and Younis, B. A., Calculation of swirling jets with a Reynolds stress closure, ''Phys. Fluids'', 29, p.38-48, 1986
# Gibson, M. M. and Younis, B. A., Calculation of boundary layers with sudden transverse strain, ''ASME J. Fluids Eng.'', 108, p.470-475, 1986
# Craft, T. J., Ince, N. Z. and Launder, B. E., Recent developments in second-moment closure for buoyancy-affected flows, ''Dynamics of Atmospheres and Oceans'', 23, p.99-114, 1996
# Cresswell, R., Haroutunian, V., Ince, N. Z., Launder, B. E. and Szczepura, R. T., Measurement and modelling of buoyancy-modified elliptic turbulent flows, in ''Proc. 7th Symp. on Turbulent Shear Flows'', (Eds), , 1989
# el Baz, A., Craft, T. J., Ince, N. Z. and Launder, B. E., On the adequacy of the thin-shear-flow equations for computing turbulent jets in stagnant surroundings, ''Int. J. Heat Fluid Flow'', 14, p.164-169, 1993
# Magi, V., Iyer, V. and Abraham, J., The k-epsilon model and computed spreading rates in round and plane jets, ''Num. Heat Transfer, Part A'', 40, p.317-334, 2001
# Haroutunian, M. and Launder, B. E., Second-moment modelling of free buoyant shear flows: a comparison of parabolic and elliptic solutions, in ''Proc. IMA Conf. on Stably Stratified Flow and Dense Gas Dispersion'', (Eds), , 1986
# Rouse, J., Yih, C. S. and Humphrey, R. W., Gravitational convection from a boundary source, ''Tellus'', 4, p.201-210, 1952
# Jones, W. P. and Launder, B. E., The prediction of laminarization with a two-equation model of turbulence, ''Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer'', 15, p.301-314, 1972
# Shih, T. H., Liou, W. W., Shabbir, A., Yang, Z. and Zhu, J., A new k-epsilon eddy-viscosity model for high Reynolds number turbulent flows, ''Comput. Fluids'', 24, p.227-238, 1995
# Pope, S. B., An explanation of the round-jet/plane-jet anomaly, ''AIAA Journal'', 16, p.279-281, 1978
# Kato, M. and Launder, B. E., The modelling of turbulent flow around stationary and vibrating cylinders, in ''Proc. 9th Symposium on Turbulent Shear Flows'', (Eds), , 1993
# Wilcox, D. C., ''Turbulence Modelling for CFD'', DCW Industries, ,1993
# Ince, N. Z. and Launder, B. E., On the computation of buoyancy-driven turbulent flows in rectangular enclosures, ''Int. J. Heat Fluid Flow'', 10, p.110-117, 1989
# Rodi, W., ''Turbulence models and their application in hydraulics'', A.A. Balkema, Rotterdam, ,1980
# Markatos, N. C., Malin, M. R. and Cox, G., Mathematical modeling of buoyancy-induced smoke flow in enclosures, ''Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer'', 25, p.63-75, 1982
# Worthy, J., Sanderson, V. and Rubini, P., Comparison of modified k-epsilon turbulence models for buoyant plumes, ''Numerical Heat Transfer B: Fundamentals'', 39, p.151-165, 2001
# Chassaig, P., Antonia, R. A., Anselmet, F., Joly, L. and Sarkar, S., ''Variable density fluid turbulence'', Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, MA,2002
# O'Hern, T. J., Weckman, E. J., Gerhart, A. L., Tieszen, S. R. and Schefer, R. W., Experimental study of a turbulent buoyant helium plume, ''J. Fluid Mech.'', 544, p.143-171, 2005
# Hanjali&#263;, K. and Launder, B. E., Sensitizing the dissipation equation to irrotational strains, ''J. Fluids Eng.'', 102, p.34-40, 1980


{{UFRHeader
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|number=06
|number=06
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[[Category:Underlying Flow Regime]]

Latest revision as of 19:15, 11 February 2017

Front Page

Description

Test Case Studies

Evaluation

Best Practice Advice

References

Axisymmetric buoyant far-field plume

Underlying Flow Regime 1-06

References

  1. Chen, C. J. and Rodi, W., Vertical buoyant jets: a review of experimental data, Pergamon, New York,1980
  2. Van Maele, K. and Merci, B., Application of two buoyancy modified k-epsilon turbulence models to different types of buoyant plumes, Fire Safety Journal, 41, p.122-138, 2006
  3. George, W. K. Jr., Alpert, R. L. and Tamanini, F., Turbulence measurements in an axisymmetric buoyant plume, Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer, 20, p.1145-1154, 1977
  4. Gebhart, B., Jaluria, Y., Mahajan, R. L. and Sammakia, B., Buoyancy-induced flows and transport, Hemisphere Pub. Corp., New York,1988
  5. Jaluria, Y., Hydrodynamics of laminar buoyant jets, in Encyclopedia of Fluid Mechanics, N. P. Cheremisinoff (Eds), Gulf Pub. Co., 1986
  6. List, E. J., Turbulent jets and plumes, Ann. Rev. Fluid Mech., 14, p.189-212, 1982
  7. List, E. J., Mechanics of turbulent buoyant jets and plumes, in Turbulent Buoyant Jets and Plumes, Rodi, W. (Eds), Pergamon Press, 1982
  8. Hossain, M. S. and Rodi, W., A turbulence model for buoyant flows and its application to vertical buoyant jets, in Turbulent Buoyant Jets and Plumes, W. Rodi (Eds), Pergamon Press, 1982
  9. Papanicolaou, P. N. and List, E. J., Investigations of round vertical turbulent jets, J. Fluid Mech, 195, p.341-391, 1988
  10. Dai, Z., Tseng, L.-K. and Faeth, G. M., Structure of round, fully-developed, buoyant turbulent plumes, J. Heat Transfer, 116, p.409-417, 94
  11. Shabbir, A. and George, W. K., Experiments on a round turbulent buoyant plume, J. Fluid Mech., 275, p.1-32, 1994
  12. Yih, C.-S., Free convection due to a point source of heat, in Proc. 1st U. S. Congr. Appl. Mech., E. Sternberg (Eds), ASME, 1951
  13. Rouse, H., Yih, C. S. and Humphreys, H. W., Gravitational convection from a boundary source, Tellus, 4, p.201-210, 1952
  14. Batchelor, G. K., Heat convection and buoyancy effects in fluids, Quart. J. Roy. Met. Soc., 80, p.339-358, 1954
  15. Morton, B. R., Taylor, G. I. and Turner, J. S., Turbulent gravitational convection from maintained and instantaneous sources, Proc. Roy. Soc. Lond., A234, p.1-23, 1956
  16. Delichatsios, M. A., On the similarity of velocity and temperature profiles in strong (variable density) turbulent buoyant plumes, Combust. Sci and Tech., 60, p.253-266, 1988
  17. Rooney, G. G. and Linden, P. F., Similarity considerations for non-Boussinesq plumes in an unstratified environment, J. Fluid Mech., 318, p.237-250, 1996
  18. Scase, M. M., Caulfield, C. P., Dalziel, S. B. and Hunt, J. C. R., Time-dependent plumes and jets with decreasing source strength, J. Fluid Mech., 563, p.443-461, 2006
  19. Scase, M. M., Caulfield, C. P. and Dalziel, S. B., Boussinesq plumes and jets with decreasing source strengths in statified environments, J. Fluid Mech., 563, p.463-472, 2006
  20. Delichatsios, M. A., Time similarity analysis of unsteady buoyant plumes in neutral surroundings, J. Fluid Mech., 93, p.241-250, 1979
  21. Heskestad, G., Virtual origins of fire plumes, Fire Safety Journal, 5, p.109-114, 1983
  22. Heskestad, G., Engineering relations for fire plumes, Fire Safety Journal, 7, p.25-32, 1984
  23. Zukoski, E. E., Kubota, T. and Cetegen, B., Entrainment in Fire Plumes, Fire Safety Journal, 3, p.107-121, 1981
  24. Fang, J. and Yuan, H.-Y., Experimental measurements, integral modeling and smoke detection of early fire in thermally stratified environments, Fire Safety Journal, 42, p.11-24, 2007
  25. Schmidt, W., Turbulente ausbreitung eines stromes erhitzter luft, Z. Angew. Math. Mech., 21, p.265-278 and p.351-363, 1941
  26. Linden, P. F., Convection in the environment, in Perspectives in Fluid Dynamics, G. K. Batchelor, H. K. Moffat & M. G. Worster (Eds), Cambridge University Press, 2000
  27. Diez, F. J. and Dahm, W. J. A., Effects of heat release on turbulent shear flows. Part 3 Buoyancy effects due to heat release in jets and plumes, J. Fluid Mech., 575, p.221-255, 2007
  28. Zhou, X., Luo, K. H. and Williams, J. J. R., Large-eddy simulation of a turbulent forced plume, Eur. J. Mech. B - Fluids, 20, p.233-254, 2001
  29. Zhou, X., Luo, K. H. and Williams, J. J. R., Study of density effects in turbulent buoyancy jets using large-eddy simulation, Theoret. Comput. Fluid Dynamics, 15, p.95-120, 2001
  30. Cetegen, B. M., Behavior of naturally unstable and periodically forced axisymmetric buoyant plumes of helium and helium-air mixtures, Phys. Fluids, 9, p.3742-3752, 1997
  31. Shabbir, A. and George, W. K., Energy balance measurements in an axisymmetric buoyant plume, in Proc. 6th Symp. on Turbulent Shear Flows, (Eds), , 1987
  32. Shabbir, A., An experimental study of an axisymmetric turbulent buoyant plume and investigation of closure hypotheses, , Dept. of Mech. & Aero. Eng., University at Buffalo 1987
  33. Shabbir, A. and Taulbee, T. B., Evaluation of turbulence models for predicting buoyant flows, J. Heat Transfer, 112, p.945-951, 1990
  34. Shabbir, A. and George, W. K., Experiments on a round turbulent buoyant plume, in NASA Technical Memorandum 105955, (Eds), , 1992
  35. Papantoniou, P. N. and List, E. J., Large scale structure in the far field of buoyant jets, J. Fluid Mech., 209, p.151-190, 1989
  36. Papanicolaou, P. N. and List, E. J., Statistical and spectral properties of tracer concentration in round buoyant jets, Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer, 30, p.2059-2071, 1987
  37. Dai, Z., Tseng, L.-K. and Faeth, G. M., Velocity statistics of round, fully developed buoyant turbulent plumes, J. Heat Transfer, 117, p.138-145, 1995
  38. Dai, Z., Tsend, L.-K. and Faeth, G. M., Velocity/mixture-fraction statistics of round, self-preserving buoyant turbulent plumes, J. Heat Transfer, 117, p.918-926, 1995
  39. Dai, Z., Krishnan, S. K., Sangras, R., Wu, J. S. and Faeth, G. M., Mixing and Radiation Properties of Buoyant Luminous Flame Environments, in NIST-GCR-96-691, (Eds), National Institute for Standards & Technology, 1996
  40. George, W. K., Governing equations, experiments and the experimentalist, Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science, 3, p.557-566, 1990
  41. Dai, Z. and Faeth, G. M., Measurement of the structure of self-preserving round buoyant turbulent plumes, J. Heat Transfer, 118, p.493-495, 1996
  42. Brescianini, C. P. and Delichatsios, M. A., New evaluation of the k-epsilon turbulence model for free buoyant plumes, Numerical Heat Transfer, Part A, 43, p.731-751, 2003
  43. Heskestad, G., Dynamics of the fire plume, Phi. Trans. Roy. Soc., 356, p.2815-2833, 1998
  44. Shabbir, A. and Taulbee, D. B., Experimental balances for the second moments for a buoyant plume and their implication on turbulence modeling, Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer, 43, p.1777-1790, 2000
  45. Yao, X. and Marshall, A. W., Qantitative salt-water modeling of fire-induced flow, Fire Safety Journal, 41, p.497-508, 2006
  46. Gibson, M. M. and Launder, B. E., Ground effects on pressure fluctuations in the atmospheric boundary layer, J. Fluid Mech., , p.491-511, 1978
  47. Rodi, W., The prediction of free turbulent boundary layers by use of a two-equation model of turbulence, , PhD Thesis, University of London, UK 1972
  48. Nam, S. and Bill, R. G. Jr., Numerical simulation of thermal plumes, Fire Safety Journal, 21, p.213-256, 1993
  49. Launder, B. E. and Spalding, D. B., Mathematical models of turbulence, Academic Press, London,1972
  50. Hara, T. and Kato, S., Numerical simulation of thermal plumes in free space using the standard k-epsilon model, Fire Safety Journal, 39, p.105-129, 2004
  51. Yokoi, S., Study on the prevention of fire-spread caused by hot upward current, in Building Research Institute Report No. 34, (Eds), , 1960
  52. Daly, B. J. and Harlow, F. H., Transport equations in turbulence, Phys. Fluids, 13, p.2634-2649, 1970
  53. Yan, Z. and Holmstedt, G., A two-equation model and its application to a buoyant diffusion flame, Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer, 42, p.1305-1315, 1999
  54. Davidson, L., Second-order correction of the k-epsilon model to account for non-isotropic effects due to buoyancy, Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer, 33, p.2599-2608, 1990
  55. Malin, M. R. and Younis, B. A., Calculation of turbulent buoyant plumes with a Reynolds stress and heat flux transport closure, Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer, 33, p.2247-2264, 1990
  56. Gibson, M. M. and Younis, B. A., Modelling the curved turbulent wall jet, AIAA J., 20, p.1707-1712, 1982
  57. Gibson, M. M. and Younis, B. A., Calculation of swirling jets with a Reynolds stress closure, Phys. Fluids, 29, p.38-48, 1986
  58. Gibson, M. M. and Younis, B. A., Calculation of boundary layers with sudden transverse strain, ASME J. Fluids Eng., 108, p.470-475, 1986
  59. Craft, T. J., Ince, N. Z. and Launder, B. E., Recent developments in second-moment closure for buoyancy-affected flows, Dynamics of Atmospheres and Oceans, 23, p.99-114, 1996
  60. Cresswell, R., Haroutunian, V., Ince, N. Z., Launder, B. E. and Szczepura, R. T., Measurement and modelling of buoyancy-modified elliptic turbulent flows, in Proc. 7th Symp. on Turbulent Shear Flows, (Eds), , 1989
  61. el Baz, A., Craft, T. J., Ince, N. Z. and Launder, B. E., On the adequacy of the thin-shear-flow equations for computing turbulent jets in stagnant surroundings, Int. J. Heat Fluid Flow, 14, p.164-169, 1993
  62. Magi, V., Iyer, V. and Abraham, J., The k-epsilon model and computed spreading rates in round and plane jets, Num. Heat Transfer, Part A, 40, p.317-334, 2001
  63. Haroutunian, M. and Launder, B. E., Second-moment modelling of free buoyant shear flows: a comparison of parabolic and elliptic solutions, in Proc. IMA Conf. on Stably Stratified Flow and Dense Gas Dispersion, (Eds), , 1986
  64. Rouse, J., Yih, C. S. and Humphrey, R. W., Gravitational convection from a boundary source, Tellus, 4, p.201-210, 1952
  65. Jones, W. P. and Launder, B. E., The prediction of laminarization with a two-equation model of turbulence, Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer, 15, p.301-314, 1972
  66. Shih, T. H., Liou, W. W., Shabbir, A., Yang, Z. and Zhu, J., A new k-epsilon eddy-viscosity model for high Reynolds number turbulent flows, Comput. Fluids, 24, p.227-238, 1995
  67. Pope, S. B., An explanation of the round-jet/plane-jet anomaly, AIAA Journal, 16, p.279-281, 1978
  68. Kato, M. and Launder, B. E., The modelling of turbulent flow around stationary and vibrating cylinders, in Proc. 9th Symposium on Turbulent Shear Flows, (Eds), , 1993
  69. Wilcox, D. C., Turbulence Modelling for CFD, DCW Industries, ,1993
  70. Ince, N. Z. and Launder, B. E., On the computation of buoyancy-driven turbulent flows in rectangular enclosures, Int. J. Heat Fluid Flow, 10, p.110-117, 1989
  71. Rodi, W., Turbulence models and their application in hydraulics, A.A. Balkema, Rotterdam, ,1980
  72. Markatos, N. C., Malin, M. R. and Cox, G., Mathematical modeling of buoyancy-induced smoke flow in enclosures, Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer, 25, p.63-75, 1982
  73. Worthy, J., Sanderson, V. and Rubini, P., Comparison of modified k-epsilon turbulence models for buoyant plumes, Numerical Heat Transfer B: Fundamentals, 39, p.151-165, 2001
  74. Chassaig, P., Antonia, R. A., Anselmet, F., Joly, L. and Sarkar, S., Variable density fluid turbulence, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, MA,2002
  75. O'Hern, T. J., Weckman, E. J., Gerhart, A. L., Tieszen, S. R. and Schefer, R. W., Experimental study of a turbulent buoyant helium plume, J. Fluid Mech., 544, p.143-171, 2005
  76. Hanjalić, K. and Launder, B. E., Sensitizing the dissipation equation to irrotational strains, J. Fluids Eng., 102, p.34-40, 1980


Front Page

Description

Test Case Studies

Evaluation

Best Practice Advice

References